diff --git a/.changeset/happy-lemons-drop.md b/.changeset/happy-lemons-drop.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e4c6f52409
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/happy-lemons-drop.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@backstage/plugin-permission-common': minor
+---
+
+**BREAKING** `PermissionCriteria` now requires at least one condition in `anyOf` and `allOf` arrays. This addresses some ambiguous behavior outlined in #9280.
diff --git a/.changeset/perfect-papayas-crash.md b/.changeset/perfect-papayas-crash.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..99c93d1b8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/perfect-papayas-crash.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@backstage/plugin-permission-node': minor
+---
+
+**BREAKING** `PermissionCriteria` now requires at least one condition in `anyOf` and `allOf` arrays. This addresses some ambiguous behavior outlined in #9280.