diff --git a/.changeset/quiet-carpets-arrive.md b/.changeset/quiet-carpets-arrive.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e0104cc286
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/quiet-carpets-arrive.md
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+---
+'@backstage/ui': minor
+---
+
+**BREAKING**: The `cell` and `header` properties in `ColumnConfig` now return `ReactElement` instead of `ReactNode`.
+
+This fixes an issue where React Aria's Collection component would inject an `id` prop into Fragment wrappers, causing "Invalid prop `id` supplied to `React.Fragment`" errors on render.
+
+Migration:
+
+```diff
+const columns: ColumnConfig<MyItem>[] = [
+  {
+    id: 'name',
+    label: 'Name',
+-   cell: (item) => item.name,
++   cell: (item) => <CellText title={item.name} />,
+-   header: () => 'Name',
++   header: () => <Column>Name</Column>,
+  },
+];
+```
diff --git a/packages/ui/report.api.md b/packages/ui/report.api.md
index fa50111cde..47d306fefb 100644
--- a/packages/ui/report.api.md
+++ b/packages/ui/report.api.md
@@ -479,11 +479,11 @@ export const Column: (props: ColumnProps) => JSX_2.Element;
 // @public (undocumented)
 export interface ColumnConfig<T extends TableItem> {
   // (undocumented)
-  cell: (item: T) => ReactNode;
+  cell: (item: T) => ReactElement;
   // (undocumented)
   defaultWidth?: ColumnSize | null;
   // (undocumented)
-  header?: () => ReactNode;
+  header?: () => ReactElement;
   // (undocumented)
   id: string;
   // (undocumented)
diff --git a/packages/ui/src/components/Table/components/Table.tsx b/packages/ui/src/components/Table/components/Table.tsx
index f417063e74..c65340c026 100644
--- a/packages/ui/src/components/Table/components/Table.tsx
+++ b/packages/ui/src/components/Table/components/Table.tsx
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import type {
   RowRenderFn,
   TablePaginationType,
 } from '../types';
-import { Fragment, useMemo } from 'react';
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
 import { VisuallyHidden } from '../../VisuallyHidden';
 import { Flex } from '../../Flex';
 
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ export function Table<T extends TableItem>({
           <TableHeader columns={visibleColumns}>
             {column =>
               column.header ? (
-                <>{column.header()}</>
+                column.header()
               ) : (
                 <Column
                   id={column.id}
@@ -201,9 +201,7 @@ export function Table<T extends TableItem>({
                       : undefined
                   }
                 >
-                  {column => (
-                    <Fragment key={column.id}>{column.cell(item)}</Fragment>
-                  )}
+                  {column => column.cell(item)}
                 </Row>
               );
             }}
diff --git a/packages/ui/src/components/Table/types.ts b/packages/ui/src/components/Table/types.ts
index 6ba44b6697..6d94d58fe6 100644
--- a/packages/ui/src/components/Table/types.ts
+++ b/packages/ui/src/components/Table/types.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import {
   ColumnProps as ReactAriaColumnProps,
   TableProps as ReactAriaTableProps,
 } from 'react-aria-components';
-import type { ReactNode } from 'react';
+import type { ReactElement, ReactNode } from 'react';
 import type { SortDescriptor as ReactStatelySortDescriptor } from 'react-stately';
 import type { ColumnSize, ColumnStaticSize } from '@react-types/table';
 import type { TextColors } from '../../types';
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ export type TablePaginationType = NoPagination | PagePagination;
 export interface ColumnConfig<T extends TableItem> {
   id: string;
   label: string;
-  cell: (item: T) => ReactNode;
-  header?: () => ReactNode;
+  cell: (item: T) => ReactElement;
+  header?: () => ReactElement;
   isSortable?: boolean;
   isHidden?: boolean;
   width?: ColumnSize | null;